string.c

#include <string.h>
#include <debug.h>

/* Copies SIZE bytes from SRC to DST, which must not overlap.
   Returns DST. */
void *
memcpy (void *dst_, const void *src_, size_t size) 
{
  unsigned char *dst = dst_;
  const unsigned char *src = src_;

  ASSERT (dst != NULL || size == 0);
  ASSERT (src != NULL || size == 0);

  while (size-- > 0)
    *dst++ = *src++;

  return dst_;
}

/* Copies SIZE bytes from SRC to DST, which are allowed to
   overlap.  Returns DST. */
void *
memmove (void *dst_, const void *src_, size_t size) 
{
  unsigned char *dst = dst_;
  const unsigned char *src = src_;

  ASSERT (dst != NULL || size == 0);
  ASSERT (src != NULL || size == 0);

  if (dst < src) 
    {
      while (size-- > 0)
        *dst++ = *src++;
    }
  else 
    {
      dst += size;
      src += size;
      while (size-- > 0)
        *--dst = *--src;
    }

  return dst;
}

/* Find the first differing byte in the two blocks of SIZE bytes
   at A and B.  Returns a positive value if the byte in A is
   greater, a negative value if the byte in B is greater, or zero
   if blocks A and B are equal. */
int
memcmp (const void *a_, const void *b_, size_t size) 
{
  const unsigned char *a = a_;
  const unsigned char *b = b_;

  ASSERT (a != NULL || size == 0);
  ASSERT (b != NULL || size == 0);

  for (; size-- > 0; a++, b++)
    if (*a != *b)
      return *a > *b ? +1 : -1;
  return 0;
}

/* Finds the first differing characters in strings A and B.
   Returns a positive value if the character in A (as an unsigned
   char) is greater, a negative value if the character in B (as
   an unsigned char) is greater, or zero if strings A and B are
   equal. */
int
strcmp (const char *a_, const char *b_) 
{
  const unsigned char *a = (const unsigned char *) a_;
  const unsigned char *b = (const unsigned char *) b_;

  ASSERT (a != NULL);
  ASSERT (b != NULL);

  while (*a != '\0' && *a == *b) 
    {
      a++;
      b++;
    }

  return *a < *b ? -1 : *a > *b;
}

/* Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of CH in the first
   SIZE bytes starting at BLOCK.  Returns a null pointer if CH
   does not occur in BLOCK. */
void *
memchr (const void *block_, int ch_, size_t size) 
{
  const unsigned char *block = block_;
  unsigned char ch = ch_;

  ASSERT (block != NULL || size == 0);

  for (; size-- > 0; block++)
    if (*block == ch)
      return (void *) block;

  return NULL;
}

/* Finds and returns the first occurrence of C in STRING, or a
   null pointer if C does not appear in STRING.  If C == '\0'
   then returns a pointer to the null terminator at the end of
   STRING. */
char *
strchr (const char *string, int c_) 
{
  char c = c_;

  ASSERT (string != NULL);

  for (;;) 
    if (*string == c)
      return (char *) string;
    else if (*string == '\0')
      return NULL;
    else
      string++;
}

/* Returns the length of the initial substring of STRING that
   consists of characters that are not in STOP. */
size_t
strcspn (const char *string, const char *stop) 
{
  size_t length;

  for (length = 0; string[length] != '\0'; length++)
    if (strchr (stop, string[length]) != NULL)
      break;
  return length;
}

/* Returns a pointer to the first character in STRING that is
   also in STOP.  If no character in STRING is in STOP, returns a
   null pointer. */
char *
strpbrk (const char *string, const char *stop) 
{
  for (; *string != '\0'; string++)
    if (strchr (stop, *string) != NULL)
      return (char *) string;
  return NULL;
}

/* Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of C in STRING.
   Returns a null pointer if C does not occur in STRING. */
char *
strrchr (const char *string, int c_) 
{
  char c = c_;
  const char *p = NULL;

  for (; *string != '\0'; string++)
    if (*string == c)
      p = string;
  return (char *) p;
}

/* Returns the length of the initial substring of STRING that
   consists of characters in SKIP. */
size_t
strspn (const char *string, const char *skip) 
{
  size_t length;
  
  for (length = 0; string[length] != '\0'; length++)
    if (strchr (skip, string[length]) == NULL)
      break;
  return length;
}

/* Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of NEEDLE within
   HAYSTACK.  Returns a null pointer if NEEDLE does not exist
   within HAYSTACK. */
char *
strstr (const char *haystack, const char *needle) 
{
  size_t haystack_len = strlen (haystack);
  size_t needle_len = strlen (needle);

  if (haystack_len >= needle_len) 
    {
      size_t i;

      for (i = 0; i <= haystack_len - needle_len; i++)
        if (!memcmp (haystack + i, needle, needle_len))
          return (char *) haystack + i;
    }

  return NULL;
}

/* Breaks a string into tokens separated by DELIMITERS.  The
   first time this function is called, S should be the string to
   tokenize, and in subsequent calls it must be a null pointer.
   SAVE_PTR is the address of a `char *' variable used to keep
   track of the tokenizer's position.  The return value each time
   is the next token in the string, or a null pointer if no
   tokens remain.

   This function treats multiple adjacent delimiters as a single
   delimiter.  The returned tokens will never be length 0.
   DELIMITERS may change from one call to the next within a
   single string.

   strtok_r() modifies the string S, changing delimiters to null
   bytes.  Thus, S must be a modifiable string.  String literals,
   in particular, are *not* modifiable in C, even though for
   backward compatibility they are not `const'.

   Example usage:

   char s[] = "  String to  tokenize. ";
   char *token, *save_ptr;

   for (token = strtok_r (s, " ", &save_ptr); token != NULL;
        token = strtok_r (NULL, " ", &save_ptr))
     printf ("'%s'\n", token);

   outputs:

     'String'
     'to'
     'tokenize.'
*/
char *
strtok_r (char *s, const char *delimiters, char **save_ptr) 
{
  char *token;
  
  ASSERT (delimiters != NULL);
  ASSERT (save_ptr != NULL);

  /* If S is nonnull, start from it.
     If S is null, start from saved position. */
  if (s == NULL)
    s = *save_ptr;
  ASSERT (s != NULL);

  /* Skip any DELIMITERS at our current position. */
  while (strchr (delimiters, *s) != NULL) 
    {
      /* strchr() will always return nonnull if we're searching
         for a null byte, because every string contains a null
         byte (at the end). */
      if (*s == '\0')
        {
          *save_ptr = s;
          return NULL;
        }

      s++;
    }

  /* Skip any non-DELIMITERS up to the end of the string. */
  token = s;
  while (strchr (delimiters, *s) == NULL)
    s++;
  if (*s != '\0') 
    {
      *s = '\0';
      *save_ptr = s + 1;
    }
  else 
    *save_ptr = s;
  return token;
}

/* Sets the SIZE bytes in DST to VALUE. */
void *
memset (void *dst_, int value, size_t size) 
{
  unsigned char *dst = dst_;

  ASSERT (dst != NULL || size == 0);
  
  while (size-- > 0)
    *dst++ = value;

  return dst_;
}

/* Returns the length of STRING. */
size_t
strlen (const char *string) 
{
  const char *p;

  ASSERT (string != NULL);

  for (p = string; *p != '\0'; p++)
    continue;
  return p - string;
}

/* If STRING is less than MAXLEN characters in length, returns
   its actual length.  Otherwise, returns MAXLEN. */
size_t
strnlen (const char *string, size_t maxlen) 
{
  size_t length;

  for (length = 0; string[length] != '\0' && length < maxlen; length++)
    continue;
  return length;
}

/* Copies string SRC to DST.  If SRC is longer than SIZE - 1
   characters, only SIZE - 1 characters are copied.  A null
   terminator is always written to DST, unless SIZE is 0.
   Returns the length of SRC, not including the null terminator.

   strlcpy() is not in the standard C library, but it is an
   increasingly popular extension.  See
   http://www.courtesan.com/todd/papers/strlcpy.html for
   information on strlcpy(). */
size_t
strlcpy (char *dst, const char *src, size_t size) 
{
  size_t src_len;

  ASSERT (dst != NULL);
  ASSERT (src != NULL);

  src_len = strlen (src);
  if (size > 0) 
    {
      size_t dst_len = size - 1;
      if (src_len < dst_len)
        dst_len = src_len;
      memcpy (dst, src, dst_len);
      dst[dst_len] = '\0';
    }
  return src_len;
}

/* Concatenates string SRC to DST.  The concatenated string is
   limited to SIZE - 1 characters.  A null terminator is always
   written to DST, unless SIZE is 0.  Returns the length that the
   concatenated string would have assuming that there was
   sufficient space, not including a null terminator.

   strlcat() is not in the standard C library, but it is an
   increasingly popular extension.  See
   http://www.courtesan.com/todd/papers/strlcpy.html for
   information on strlcpy(). */
size_t
strlcat (char *dst, const char *src, size_t size) 
{
  size_t src_len, dst_len;

  ASSERT (dst != NULL);
  ASSERT (src != NULL);

  src_len = strlen (src);
  dst_len = strlen (dst);
  if (size > 0 && dst_len < size) 
    {
      size_t copy_cnt = size - dst_len - 1;
      if (src_len < copy_cnt)
        copy_cnt = src_len;
      memcpy (dst + dst_len, src, copy_cnt);
      dst[dst_len + copy_cnt] = '\0';
    }
  return src_len + dst_len;
}